Cognitive Disorder

Attention Spectrum and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a biological condition linked to inattention, impulsivity, and, in some cases, hyperactivity.

Nature of disability : Congenital
Age group concerned : This disorder is more common in children than in adults but it persists into adulthood in 65% of children with the condition.
Number of people affected : It is estimated that between 400,000 and over one million young people affected in France.

Attention Deficit Disorder with or without Hyperactivity - (ADHD):

Attention deficit: Difficulty maintaining attention over time, completing a task, frequent forgetfulness, easily distracted, refusal or avoidance of tasks requiring increased attention.
Hyperactivity: A need to move, incessant restlessness, inability to stay put when conditions demand it, talks a lot or makes noises. Impulsivity: Difficulty waiting to speak or act, tendency to interrupt the activities of others, difficulty managing emotions and keeping calm, difficulty thinking about the consequences of actions.
Memory problems: These disorders may affect working memory and/or short-term memory and/or immediate memory and/or long-term memory. They appear during the child's development at around 5-6 years of age and are permanent.

Complex navigation mechanisms and page layouts that are difficult to understand and use
Lack of clear structure and overabundance of content
Complex sentences that are difficult to read and unusual words that are hard to understand
Unconventional fonts that are difficult to read
Long passages of text without images, graphics or other illustrations to highlight the context
Moving, flashing or flickering content and background sound that cannot be turned off
Web browsers and media players that do not provide mechanisms for removing animations and sound
Visual page designs that cannot be adapted using web browser controls or custom style sheets

Clearly structured content for easy overview and orientation
Consistent labelling of forms, buttons and other content elements
Predictable link targets, affordant functionality and overall interaction
Different ways of navigating websites, such as hierarchical menus and search
Options to remove flashing, flickering, blinking and otherwise distracting content
Simpler text complemented by images, graphics and other illustrations
Ability to change focus options (e.g. reading mask, text-to-speech word highlighting)
Customisable text and content (text spacing, words, font)